Muawiyah bin Abi-Sufyan was born in Mecca[7] to Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and Hind bint Utbah(601 CE) into the Banu Umayya sub-clan of the Banu Abd-Shams clan of the Quraysh tribe. The Quraysh controlled the city of Mecca (in the west of present-day Saudi Arabia) and the Banu Abd-Shams were among the most influential of its citizens.[8]
Muawiyah, Muhammad and Ali shared the same great-great grandfather Abdu Manaf bin Qusay, who had four sons: Hashim, Muttalib, Nawfal, and Abdu Shams. Hashim was the great grandfather of Ali and Muhammad. Umayyah bin Abdu Shams was the great grandfather of Muawiyah.[9]
Muawiyah's sister Ramla bint Abi Sufyan was one of the first converts to Islam.[10] In order to avoid hostilities from Quraish, she and her husband Ubayd-Allah ibn Jahsh emigrated to Abyssinia (Ethiopia. Her husband, later, converted to Christianity.[10] He tried to persuade her to do the same, but she held on to Islam. His conversion led to their divorce. She continued to live in Abyssinia with her daughter until Ubayd-Allah's death sometime later.[10]She was later married to Muhammad. Khalid ibn Said was chosen by her as her legal guardian at the ceremony. The Negus the king of Abbysian read out the Khutba himself, andKhalid ibn Said made a speech in reply. On behalf of Muhammad, the Negus offered a dowry of four hundred Dinars. A huge wedding feast was given on behalf of Muhammad after the ceremony. The Negus also sent musk and ambergris to the bride through Abraha.[10]Muhammad did not give a dowry larger than this to any of his other wives.
Muawiyah and remaining members of his family were opponents of the Muslims before the ascendancy of Muhammad. Along with his two older brothers Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan and Utbah, Muawiyah was one of the members of the hunting party of his maternal uncle Waleed bin Utbah that pursued Muhammad during the hijra (migration), when Muhammad and Abu Bakr were hiding in Ghar al-Thawr(Cave of the Bull).[11]
In 630, Muhammad and his followers conquered Mecca, and most of the Meccans, including the Abd-Shams clan, formally submitted to Muhammad and accepted Islam. Muawiyah, along with his father Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, became Muslims at the conquest of Mecca.[12][13]
According to Encyclopedia of Islam, Muawiyah was a crypto Muslim after the treaty of Treaty of Hudaybiyyah but his not declare it [14]
Muawiyah and the Islamic prophet Muhammad were brothers-in-law after Muhammad married Muawiyah's sister, Ramla bint Abi Sufyan.
| `Abd Manaf ibn Qusai | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abd Shams | Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Umayya | Abdul Mutallib | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Abu'l-As | Harb | `Abd Allah | Abu Talib | `Abbas(Abbasids) | Safiya | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Affan | Hakam | Abu Sufyan | Muhammad | Ali | `Abd Allah ibn `Abbas | Zubayr ibn al-Awam | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Uthman ibn Affan | Marwan I | Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan | Muawiyah I | Hasan ibn Ali | Hussein ibn Ali | Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr also Abu Bakr's grandson | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yazid I (Yazid ibn Muawiyah) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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